English 
Spinal scoliosis, also known as vertebral lateral deviation, refers to the degree of lateral curvature of the spine exceeding the normal range. It typically refers to a curvature that appears in the thoracic or lumbar region. Spinal scoliosis can affect the appearance and function of the body, and may lead to pain and other health issues.
Symptoms of spinal scoliosis
Mild spinal scoliosis may not have any symptoms. However, when the degree of curvature exceeds a certain level, the following symptoms may occur:
- Shoulder or pelvic imbalance
- Back muscle pain or stiffness
- One side of the rib bone protruding
- Abnormal posture, such as one shoulder higher than the other
- Difficulty breathing
Severe spinal scoliosis can lead to health problems such as visceral dysfunction, osteoporosis, and cardiorespiratory dysfunction.
Causes of spinal scoliosis
The causes of spinal scoliosis are not entirely clear. Some possible causes include:
Congenital factors: Spinal scoliosis may be related to congenital abnormalities such as pelvic asymmetry and muscle imbalance.
Genetic factors: Spinal scoliosis may be hereditary, and certain genes may be related to the disease.
Neuromuscular disorders: Neuromuscular disorders such as spinal muscular atrophy and polymyositis may cause spinal scoliosis.
Posture and lifestyle: Long-term incorrect posture, such as bending over or slow running, may increase the risk of spinal curvature.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Scoliosis
Diagnosis of scoliosis requires a detailed physical examination and imaging tests. The doctor will examine the curvature and angle of the spine and may request imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans.
For mild scoliosis, treatment may not be necessary but regular check-ups are needed to monitor the condition. For severe scoliosis, the doctor may recommend the following treatment options:
Postural correction: Regular exercise and practicing correct posture may be helpful in improving the symptoms of scoliosis.
Physical therapy: Physical therapy may include massage, traction, electrical stimulation, and other modalities to relieve pain and stiffness.
Bracing: For adolescents, wearing a brace may help prevent further progression of scoliosis, but it needs to be worn for a long time.
Surgery: For severe scoliosis, surgery may be the last resort. Surgery can correct scoliosis by implanting metal screws and rods.
Prevention of Scoliosis
Although the cause of scoliosis is not fully understood, the following measures can help reduce the risk of developing it:
Regular exercise: Strengthening the muscles around the spine can help support the spine and reduce the risk of scoliosis.
Maintaining correct posture: Avoiding poor postures such as prolonged bending and looking down, and maintaining correct sitting and standing postures as much as possible.
Avoiding heavy loads: Prolonged heavy lifting may put pressure on the spine, so it is important to avoid carrying heavy objects.
Regular check-ups: Regular physical check-ups, especially for children and adolescents, can help detect scoliosis early and receive timely treatment.
Summary
Scoliosis is a common spinal condition that can affect the appearance and function of the body, and even cause health problems. Although its cause is not fully understood, measures can be taken to reduce the risk of developing it, such as regular exercise, maintaining correct posture, and avoiding heavy loads. For severe scoliosis, physical therapy, bracing, or surgery may be necessary. Early diagnosis and treatment can help relieve symptoms and prevent further progression of the condition. If you or your child have symptoms of scoliosis, please consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment in a timely manner.